Membrane structure is very common in our life. What are the common types of membrane structure?

Membrane structure belongs to space structure system, which is different from general steel, wood, brick and reinforced concrete structure. It is a new structure system after grid structure, thin shell and suspension structure. In the past 30 years, the role and advantages of prestressed cables in the structural system have been fully recognized by engineers, and various new cable and membrane structural systems have been widely studied and applied. According to the structure and stress characteristics of membrane structure, membrane structure can be divided into three categories: tension membrane structure, inflatable membrane structure and frame membrane structure.

1. Frame membrane structure

In the frame membrane structure, the membrane surface only plays a role in the maintenance of the frame structure. The frame structure can be either a traditional rigid structure or a variety of cable structures.

2. Tensile membrane structure

Tension membrane structure is to apply a certain pre tension stress to the membrane material through the boundary conditions. The membrane is both the maintenance body of the building and the structure to resist the external load. Therefore, under certain initial conditions, a series of complex problems such as the determination of its shape, the stress distribution and deformation in the membrane under the external load, and how to use the two-dimensional membrane material to simulate the three-dimensional space curved surface, etc, All of them need to be determined by calculation. The development of tensioned membrane structure is inseparable from the progress of computer technology and the proposal of new algorithm.

3. Inflatable membrane structure

The air supported membrane structure depends on the air pressure difference between the inside and outside of the surface to maintain the shape of the membrane surface. Air supported membrane structure is a kind of structure which is composed of membrane structure and filled with air to keep the indoor air pressure higher than the outdoor air pressure, so that the membrane material is in tension state to resist the load and external force. The structure of inflatable membrane is divided into single-layer structure and double-layer structure. The single-layer structure is like soap bubble, and the internal pressure of single-layer membrane is greater than the external pressure. This structure has the characteristics of large space, light weight and simple construction. But it needs to input overpressure gas and daily maintenance management. The double-layer structure is filled with gas between the double-layer films. Compared with the single-layer structure, the double-layer structure can be filled with high-pressure air, forming a rigid structure, and the inlet and outlet can be opened.